The Modern Mathematics of Deep Learning

Nonnegative functions

Penguin learning project

The project uses 342 complete Palmer penguin records: 240 training-pool and 102 held-out rows. The selected training rows determine feature scaling and model parameters. Source CSV

This project trains weights with softmax, unlike the homepage lab, which uses nearest species averages. Same penguin measurements; different classification methods. Predictions can differ.

Functions and derivatives · Describe maps and how their outputs change.

Project vectors have two features; the training matrix has n rows and two columns. Mathematical tools may operate on these values when their assumptions apply.

Consider this concept alongside the project; its source assumptions may differ. These observations do not prove a theorem.

Input: 12 × 2; Held-out evaluation: 102 · #58 · 40.6 mm, 193 mm. Known answer: Adélie; Prediction: Adélie · [≈0.7383, ≈0.2444, ≈0.01737].

Used in these source sections: 1.1 A note on symbols

Each function assigns a nonnegative real value to every input in 𝒳.

The output range constrains the values being compared.

Source formula example

f,g\colon\mathcal{X}\to[0,\infty)

illustration · This invented finite example illustrates the notation; it does not establish a general theorem.

Symbols

$f, g$: Functions on 𝒳 with nonnegative real outputs.
$𝒳$: Their common input set.

Source formula example

This source example uses its own inputs and assumptions. Editing it does not change the project.

Edit a value or the code, then run the example. This is a finite demonstration, not a proof of the paper’s theorem.

This example’s data flow

Initial values in code

domain = [1, 2]

Calculated here

Result expression: { domain, f: domain.map((x) => x), g: domain.map((x) => 2 * x) }

Returns

Example result

domain: array (2 items): [1, 2]
f: array (2 items): [1, 2]
g: array (2 items): [2, 4]

JavaScript

Read numbers from input and return the result. JavaScript basics.

Result

Enable JavaScript to run this example.

Technical statement

The numerical values in this example are invented. This invented finite example illustrates the notation; it does not establish a general theorem.

Source: Inline notation